DOUBLE ENTRY BOOK KEEPING
Double entry book keeping is the system of keeping account, which take advantages of the two-fold aspect of every transaction, whereby one account that receives is debited and another account which gives is credited.
PRINCIPLE OF DOUBLE ENTRY
The principle of double entry states that for every debited entry, there must be acorresponding credit entry and for every credit entry, there must be a corresponding debit entry.
Hence, every transaction (whether cash or credit must be recorded two times. First, it must be recorded on the debit side (left side) of one account, and then on the credit side (right side) of another account
GOLDEN RULE
1. Debit the receiver with value it receives
2. Credit the giver with value it gives out
The following questions should be asked when you have to record a transaction:
1. Which two accounts are involved?
2. Which account is giving value?
3. Which account is receiving value?
Then, go ahead and debit the account which is receiving money or money’s worth, and credit the account which is giving money or money’s worth
Examples
Nov 1: Started business with N200 in the bank.
The two accounts are Capital account and Bank account
Action: Capital A/C is giving out and will be credited (Giving A/C).
Bank A/C is receiving and will be debited (Receiving A/c)
Nov 3: Cash purchases N600
The two accounts are Cash Account and Purchases Account
Action: Cash A/c is giving out and will be credited (Giver)
Purchases A/c is receiving and must be debited (Receiver)
Nov 4: Sold goods on credit to Mayowa
Two accounts are Sales Account and Mayowa’s Account
Action: Sales A/c is giving and will be credited (Giver)
Mayowa’s A/c is receiving and should be debited (Receiver)
Nov 8: Bought furniture for cash N100
The two accounts are Cash Account and Furniture Account
Action: Furniture Account is receiving and will be debited (Receiver)
Cash Account is giving out and should be credited (Giver)
Nov 15. Goods returned to us by YemiN70
The two accounts are Return inwards account and Yemi’s Account
Action: Yemi is giving out and his Account will be credited (Giver)
Return inward Account is receiving and account debited (Receiver)
Nov 20. Goods bought by cheque N 300
The two Accounts are Purchases Account and Bank Account
Action: Purchases Account is receiving and be debited (Receiver)
Bank Account is giving out and will be credited (Giver)
Home work
Complete the table below
Account to Account to be
be debited be credited
a. Started business with N800 cash
b. Goods bought by cheque
c. Goods sold on credit to Mr. Ayo
d. Sold goods for cash
e. Bought a motor van by cheque
f. Goods returned to Olotu
g. Took N20 of the cash and paid into the bank