ORAL ENGLISH: DESCRIPTION OF THE ̸̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸̸ AND ̸̸̸ ʤ ̸̸̸ SOUNDS
ORAL ENGLISH: DESCRIPTION OF THE ̸̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸̸ AND ̸̸̸ ʤ ̸̸̸ SOUNDS
When you produce the ̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸ and ̸ ʤ ̸̸ sounds, the tip, the blade and edges of your tongue touch the portion behind your tooth ridge to stop the outgoing air. At the same time, the front of your tongue is raised towards the hard part of the roof of your mouth in readiness for the release of the outgoing air.
The ̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸ is a combination of the ̸̸ ʈ ̸̸ and the ̸̸ ʃ ̸̸ sounds and the ̸̸ ʤ ̸̸ is the combining ̸̸ d ̸̸ and ̸̸ ʒ ̸̸. The lips and the tongue are in the same position for the production of both sounds, but while producing the ̸̸ ʤ ̸̸, there is a vibration in the throat, whereas in producing ̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸ there is no vibration in the throat. For example;
church judge
chin gin
chain Jane
chalk jog
Spelling the ̸̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸̸ Sound
The ̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸ sound can be spelt in various ways in English.
ch tch ti tu unusual
chain catch question nature cello
choose patch suggestion future righteous
chart butcher picture concerto
chap watch mature
Spelling the ̸̸̸ ʤ ̸̸̸ Sound
The ̸̸ ʤ ̸̸ sound can also be spelt in various ways in English.
j g dg dj d gg
joy giant midget adjunct gradual suggest
John genius lodge adjust educate exaggerate
joke gist edge grandeur
June gentle fridge graduate
SOUND CONTRAST
cheap ̸̸ ʈʃɪ:p ̸̸ jeep
cheer jeer
chin gin
choke joke
Some speakers confuse ̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸ with ̸̸ ʃ ̸̸. The following words will help you in making a distinction between ̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸ and ̸̸ ʃ ̸̸,
cheap sheep
chew shoe
chair share
chore shore
EXERCISE: Write out five (5) words that represents each of the sounds ̸̸ ʈʃ ̸̸ and ̸̸ ʤ ̸̸
LESSON 2
WRITING: EXPOSITORY ESSAY
Exposition is a clear and detailed explanation of a given topic, that is, exposing a given subject by giving detailed information about the subject matter. Expository essay is also known as Article writing.
Expository writing is like descriptive writing because it contains a great deal of description. It informs us or explains the subject matter.
To write a good expository composition, you need to have a full understanding on the subject matter.
Examples of Expository writing/ topics are: Nigeria Food Culture, Music, Football, Wild-life Animals, research works, textbooks (New Concept English), encyclopaedias, non-fiction books like biographies and autobiographies, and so on.
FEATURES OF EXPOSITORY ESSAY
- The style of an expository writing is usually formal.
- The tense is usually in the present tense.
- The paragraphs must be clear so that the readers will get the information you are trying to give.
- Every new point or idea must start with a new paragraph.
- It must have topic sentences at the beginning of the each paragraph, and they should state the main ideas of the paragraphs.
- The essay must start with an introduction such as defining the key words of the subject matter, and must end with a conclusion.
- The use of English (e.g meaning and sentence construction) must be correctly expressed.
- The use of linkages (such as therefore, furthermore, hence, thus, finally and so on) must be extensively used.
EXERCISE: Write an expository essay on any topic of your choice.